微雪epaper3.97开发板的使用：网络收音机

ESP32-S3-ePaper-3.97可以用arduino编写程序，实现自己想要的功能。本文是写一个简单网络电音机的过程。

arduino的安装和配置

参照安装和配置 Arduino IDE ，
1 安装arduino
2 安装 ESP32 开发板库

ESP32版本选3.2.0-cn（最新版本可能有兼容性问题）。
3 安装库

安装ESP32-audioI2S-master，v3.3.0

4 连接开发板

这里是对应微雪开发板的选项，务必选对。

简单的网络收音机

新建一个项目，命名为iRadio，会打开一个.ino文件，把以下内容复制进去。

#include <Arduino.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include "Audio.h"
#include "es8311.h"

// ==================== 引脚定义 ====================
#define I2C_SDA       41
#define I2C_SCL       42
#define I2S_MCK_PIN   13
#define I2S_BCK_PIN   14
#define I2S_LRCK_PIN  47
#define I2S_DOUT_PIN  48
#define PA_CTRL       39

#define BOOT_BTN      0          // BOOT 按键

// ==================== WiFi 与电台 ====================

const char* ssid     = "wifi名称";
const char* password = "wifi密码";
const char* radioUrl = "https://lhttp-hw.qtfm.cn/live/20849/64k.mp3"; 
// ==================== ES8311 配置 ====================
#define EXAMPLE_SAMPLE_RATE       (48000)
#define EXAMPLE_MCLK_MULTIPLE     (256)
#define EXAMPLE_MCLK_FREQ_HZ      (EXAMPLE_SAMPLE_RATE * EXAMPLE_MCLK_MULTIPLE)
#define EXAMPLE_VOICE_VOLUME      (70)

Audio audio;
bool isPlaying = false;          // 当前播放状态

// ==================== ES8311 初始化 ====================
static esp_err_t es8311_codec_init(void) {
  es8311_handle_t es_handle = es8311_create(I2C_NUM_0, ES8311_ADDRRES_0);
  if (!es_handle) return ESP_FAIL;

  const es8311_clock_config_t es_clk = {
    .mclk_inverted = false,
    .sclk_inverted = false,
    .mclk_from_mclk_pin = true,
    .mclk_frequency = EXAMPLE_MCLK_FREQ_HZ,
    .sample_frequency = EXAMPLE_SAMPLE_RATE
  };

  esp_err_t ret = es8311_init(es_handle, &es_clk, ES8311_RESOLUTION_16, ES8311_RESOLUTION_16);
  if (ret != ESP_OK) return ret;

  return es8311_voice_volume_set(es_handle, EXAMPLE_VOICE_VOLUME, NULL);
}

// ==================== Setup ====================
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  delay(500);

  // 按键初始化（内部上拉，按下为低）
  pinMode(BOOT_BTN, INPUT_PULLUP);

  Wire.begin(I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL);
  pinMode(PA_CTRL, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, HIGH);
  delay(10);

  if (es8311_codec_init() != ESP_OK) {
    Serial.println("ES8311 init failed");
    while (1) delay(1000);
  }

  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  unsigned long start = millis();
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED && millis() - start < 15000) {
    delay(500); Serial.print(".");
  }
  if (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) { ESP.restart(); }
  Serial.printf("\nWiFi OK, IP: %s\n", WiFi.localIP().toString().c_str());

  audio.setPinout(I2S_BCK_PIN, I2S_LRCK_PIN, I2S_DOUT_PIN, I2S_MCK_PIN);
  audio.setVolume(18);

  // 上电默认自动播放
  audio.connecttohost(radioUrl);
  isPlaying = true;
  Serial.println("Auto play started");
}

// ==================== Loop ====================
void loop() {
  audio.loop();

  // 检测 BOOT 按键（下降沿触发，带简单消抖）
  static bool lastBtnState = HIGH;
  bool btnState = digitalRead(BOOT_BTN);

  if (lastBtnState == HIGH && btnState == LOW) {
    delay(20);  // 消抖
    if (digitalRead(BOOT_BTN) == LOW) {
      if (isPlaying) {
        audio.stopSong();
        isPlaying = false;
        Serial.println("Stopped by BOOT");
      } else {
        audio.connecttohost(radioUrl);
        isPlaying = true;
        Serial.println("Playing by BOOT");
      }
      // 等待按键释放，避免连击
      while (digitalRead(BOOT_BTN) == LOW) {
        delay(10);
      }
    }
  }
  lastBtnState = btnState;

  if (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) WiFi.reconnect();
}

为了简单起见，wifi名和密码都写进代码，电台url也是固定的。
es8311.h文件在官方示例程序包 Arduino\examples\01_Audio_Test下，es8311开头的三个文件都复制到项目目录下。
点击上传按钮，编译无误后就刷进了开发板。
上电开始播放，按BOOT键开始、停止播放。
此项目没有界面，不会刷新屏幕。
epaper是一种特殊的屏幕，刷新需要加电压，断电后屏幕内容会保留，屏幕也不能长时间加电，否则会损坏。

直播源的获取

打开蜻蜓FM https://www.qtfm.cn/ ，打开电台页，选择一个电台，点播放，打开开发者工具侧边栏，

标出的地方就是电台url，后面的字符串没有用。有的站点的网络电台url上有身份验证和时间戳，不能直接使用。

改进版

加上界面刷新，wifi配置，电量显示，深度睡眠等功能。
安装库：WiFiManager v2.0.17 ，XPowersLib v0.3.3
有些包含文件在官方示例包中，背景图是用python生成的800*480大小的黑白图，在background.h里。
代码如下：

#include <Arduino.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <WiFiManager.h>
#include "Audio.h"
#include "es8311.h"
#include <Preferences.h>
#define XPOWERS_CHIP_AXP2101
#include <XPowersLib.h>
#include "EPD_3in97.h"
#include "GUI_Paint.h"
#include "fonts.h"
#include "background.h"
#include "driver/rtc_io.h"
// ==================== 引脚 ====================
#define I2C_SDA 41
#define I2C_SCL 42
#define I2S_MCK_PIN 13
#define I2S_BCK_PIN 14
#define I2S_LRCK_PIN 47
#define I2S_DOUT_PIN 48
#define PA_CTRL 39
#define BOOT_BTN 0
#define KEY_FUNC 5

// ==================== 超时 ====================
#define IDLE_WIFI_OFF_MS (5UL * 60 * 1000)
#define IDLE_SLEEP_MS (10UL * 60 * 1000)

// ==================== 电台 ====================
struct Station {
  const char *url;
  const char *name;
};
Station stations[] = {
  { "https://lhttp-hw.qtfm.cn/live/20849/64k.mp3", "Qinhuangdao Traffic Radio" },
  { "https://lhttp-hw.qtfm.cn/live/20859/64k.mp3", "Qinhuangdao 1038 Private Car Radio" },
  { "https://lhttp-hw.qtfm.cn/live/20855/64k.mp3", "Qinhuangdao News Radio" },
  { "https://lhttp-hw.qtfm.cn/live/20835/64k.mp3", "Qinhuangdao Music Radio" },
  { "https://lhttp-hw.qtfm.cn/live/1644/64k.mp3", "Hebei News Comprehensive Radio" },
  { "https://lhttp-hw.qtfm.cn/live/15318703/64k.mp3", "Western music FM88.7" },
  { "https://lhttp-hw.qtfm.cn/live/20212269/64k.mp3", "Classical music FM90.5" },
  { "https://lhttp-hw.qtfm.cn/live/4915/64k.mp3", "Morning Music Channel" },
  { "https://ngcdn001.cnr.cn/live/zgzs/index.m3u8", "Voice of China" },
  { "https://sk.cri.cn/am846.m3u8", "English News Radio" }
};
const size_t STATION_COUNT = sizeof(stations) / sizeof(stations[0]);

// ==================== 全局状态 ====================
struct RadioState {
  bool playing = false;
  bool idle = true;
  bool wifiOff = false;
  bool screenOff = false;
  bool screenOk = false;
  int station = 0;
  int partialCount = 0;
  unsigned long idleStart = 0;
} st;

// ==================== WiFi ====================
WiFiManager wm;

// ==================== ES8311 ====================
#define SAMPLE_RATE 48000
#define MCLK_FREQ (SAMPLE_RATE * 256)
Audio audio;

// ==================== 屏幕 ====================
#define SCREEN_W EPD_3IN97_WIDTH
#define SCREEN_H EPD_3IN97_HEIGHT
#define STATUS_Y 100
#define STATUS_H 60
#define BYTES_PER_ROW (SCREEN_W / 8)
#define IMG_BYTES (BYTES_PER_ROW * SCREEN_H)
#define STATUS_BYTES (BYTES_PER_ROW * STATUS_H)
#define PARTIAL_REFRESH_MAX 15

UBYTE *BlackImage = nullptr;
UBYTE *StatusImage = nullptr;
char statusLine[80] = "Booting...";

Preferences prefs;
static XPowersAXP2101 PMU;
static bool pmu_ok = false;

// ==================== ES8311 初始化 ====================
static esp_err_t es8311_codec_init(void) {
  es8311_handle_t h = es8311_create(I2C_NUM_0, ES8311_ADDRRES_0);
  if (!h) return ESP_FAIL;
  const es8311_clock_config_t clk = {
    .mclk_inverted = false, .sclk_inverted = false,
    .mclk_from_mclk_pin = true, .mclk_frequency = MCLK_FREQ,
    .sample_frequency = SAMPLE_RATE
  };
  esp_err_t ret = es8311_init(h, &clk, ES8311_RESOLUTION_16, ES8311_RESOLUTION_16);
  if (ret != ESP_OK) return ret;
  return es8311_voice_volume_set(h, 70, NULL);
}

// ==================== 电量 ====================
static int get_battery_percent() {
  if (!pmu_ok) return -1;
  int pct = PMU.getBatteryPercent();
  if (pct < 0 || pct > 100) return -1;
  return pct;
}

// ==================== 电池图标 ====================
static void draw_battery_icon(int x, int y, int w, int h, int pct) {
  if (pct < 0) pct = 0;
  if (pct > 100) pct = 100;

  Paint_DrawRectangle(x, y, x + w, y + h,
                      BLACK, DOT_PIXEL_1X1, DRAW_FILL_EMPTY);

  int cap_w = w / 8;
  int cap_h = h / 3;
  if (cap_w < 2) cap_w = 2;
  if (cap_h < 2) cap_h = 2;
  int cap_x = x + w;
  int cap_y = y + (h - cap_h) / 2;
  Paint_DrawRectangle(cap_x, cap_y, cap_x + cap_w, cap_y + cap_h,
                      BLACK, DOT_PIXEL_1X1, DRAW_FILL_FULL);

  int inner_x = x + 2;
  int inner_y = y + 2;
  int inner_w = w - 4;
  int inner_h = h - 4;
  if (inner_w <= 0 || inner_h <= 0) return;

  int fill_w = inner_w * pct / 100;
  if (fill_w > 0) {
    Paint_DrawRectangle(inner_x, inner_y,
                        inner_x + fill_w, inner_y + inner_h,
                        BLACK, DOT_PIXEL_1X1, DRAW_FILL_FULL);
  }
}

// ==================== 屏幕初始化 ====================
void initScreen() {
  Serial.println("screen: malloc...");
  BlackImage = (UBYTE *)malloc(IMG_BYTES);
  StatusImage = (UBYTE *)malloc(STATUS_BYTES);
  if (!BlackImage || !StatusImage) {
    Serial.println("malloc FAIL");
    return;
  }

  Serial.println("screen: EPD_Init...");
  EPD_3IN97_Init();
  EPD_3IN97_Clear();
  Serial.println("screen: EPD_Init done");

  Paint_NewImage(BlackImage, SCREEN_W, SCREEN_H, 0, WHITE);
  Paint_SelectImage(BlackImage);
  Paint_Clear(WHITE);
  st.screenOk = true;
}

// ==================== 全刷背景 ====================
void showBackground() {
  if (!st.screenOk) return;
  Serial.println("screen: display bg...");

  EPD_3IN97_Init();

  // 关键：全刷前把画布切回整屏，避免被 updateStatusBar 改成 800x60
  Paint_NewImage(BlackImage, SCREEN_W, SCREEN_H, 0, WHITE);
  Paint_SelectImage(BlackImage);

  memcpy(BlackImage, gImage_800x480, IMG_BYTES);

  int bat = get_battery_percent();
  if (bat < 0) bat = 0;

  char num[8];
  snprintf(num, sizeof(num), "%d", bat);

  const int ICON_W = 40;
  const int ICON_H = 18;
  const int GAP = 6;
  const int MARGIN = 8;

  int num_w = strlen(num) * courbd36.Width;
  int num_h = courbd36.Height;

  int total_w = ICON_W + GAP + num_w;
  int total_h = (ICON_H > num_h) ? ICON_H : num_h;

  int base_x = SCREEN_W - total_w - MARGIN;
  int base_y = SCREEN_H - total_h - MARGIN;
  if (base_x < 0) base_x = 0;
  if (base_y < 0) base_y = 0;

  int icon_y = base_y + (total_h - ICON_H) / 2;
  draw_battery_icon(base_x, icon_y, ICON_W, ICON_H, bat);

  int num_x = base_x + ICON_W + GAP;
  int num_y = base_y + (total_h - num_h) / 2;
  if (num_y < 0) num_y = 0;
  Paint_DrawString_EN(num_x, num_y, num, &courbd36, WHITE, BLACK);

  EPD_3IN97_Display_Base(BlackImage);
  Serial.println("screen: bg done");
  delay(300);
}

// ==================== 状态栏（局刷） ====================
void updateStatusBar(const char *msg) {
  if (!st.screenOk || st.screenOff) return;

  if (st.partialCount >= PARTIAL_REFRESH_MAX) {
    st.partialCount = 0;
    showBackground();  // 全刷后继续画状态栏
  }

  Paint_NewImage(StatusImage, SCREEN_W, STATUS_H, 0, WHITE);
  Paint_SelectImage(StatusImage);
  Paint_Clear(WHITE);

  char safeMsg[80];
  strncpy(safeMsg, msg, sizeof(safeMsg) - 1);
  safeMsg[sizeof(safeMsg) - 1] = '\0';

  int maxChars = (SCREEN_W - 20) / courbd36.Width;
  if (maxChars < 1) maxChars = 1;
  if (strlen(safeMsg) > (size_t)maxChars) safeMsg[maxChars] = '\0';

  Paint_DrawString_EN(10, 5, safeMsg, &courbd36, WHITE, BLACK);

  // 局刷窗口对齐到 8 像素；y 用 STATUS_Y / STATUS_H
  EPD_3IN97_Display_Partial(StatusImage,
                            0, STATUS_Y,
                            SCREEN_W, STATUS_Y + STATUS_H);
  st.partialCount++;
}

// ==================== WiFi ====================
bool ensureWiFi(unsigned long timeout_ms = 15000) {
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) return true;

  Serial.println("WiFi: connecting / starting config portal...");
  updateStatusBar("WiFi: Connecting or Config Radio-Setup");

  wm.setConfigPortalTimeout(180);
  bool connected = wm.autoConnect("Radio-Setup");

  if (connected && WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.printf("WiFi: OK %s\n", WiFi.localIP().toString().c_str());
    st.wifiOff = false;
    updateStatusBar("WiFi: Connected");
    return true;
  }

  Serial.println("WiFi: config portal timeout / failed");
  updateStatusBar("ERROR: WiFi Config Timeout");
  return false;
}

// ==================== 播放控制 ====================
void switchStation(int idx) {
  if (!ensureWiFi(10000)) {
    Serial.println("switchStation: no WiFi");
    updateStatusBar("ERROR: No WiFi");
    return;
  }
  if (idx < 0) idx = STATION_COUNT - 1;
  if (idx >= (int)STATION_COUNT) idx = 0;
  st.station = idx;

  // NVS：只在值变化时写
  prefs.begin("radio", false);
  int saved = prefs.getInt("stationId", -1);
  if (saved != idx) prefs.putInt("stationId", idx);
  prefs.end();

  audio.stopSong();
  delay(100);  // 等 stopSong 释放 socket

  digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, HIGH);
  delay(10);

  bool ok = audio.connecttohost(stations[idx].url);
  if (!ok) {
    Serial.println("connecttohost FAIL");
    updateStatusBar("ERROR: Connect Failed");
    st.playing = false;
    st.idle = true;
    st.idleStart = millis();
    digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, LOW);
    return;
  }

  st.playing = true;
  st.idle = false;

  snprintf(statusLine, sizeof(statusLine), "PLAY: %s", stations[idx].name);
  Serial.printf("PLAY: %s\n", stations[idx].name);
  updateStatusBar(statusLine);
}

void togglePlayStop() {
  if (st.playing) {
    audio.stopSong();
    st.playing = false;
    st.idle = true;
    st.idleStart = millis();
    digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, LOW);  // 停止播放时关功放
    snprintf(statusLine, sizeof(statusLine), "STOP: %s", stations[st.station].name);
    Serial.println("STOP");
  } else {
    if (!ensureWiFi(10000)) {
      Serial.println("PLAY: no WiFi");
      updateStatusBar("ERROR: No WiFi");
      return;
    }
    digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, HIGH);
    delay(10);
    bool ok = audio.connecttohost(stations[st.station].url);
    if (!ok) {
      updateStatusBar("ERROR: Connect Failed");
      digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, LOW);
      return;
    }
    st.playing = true;
    st.idle = false;
    snprintf(statusLine, sizeof(statusLine), "PLAY: %s", stations[st.station].name);
    Serial.println("PLAY");
  }
  updateStatusBar(statusLine);
}

// ==================== 深度睡眠 ====================
void enterDeepSleep() {
  Serial.println("[SYS] deep sleep");
  if (st.screenOk && !st.screenOff) {
    updateStatusBar("SLEEPING (Hold BOOT)");
    delay(500);
    EPD_3IN97_Sleep();
  }
  digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, LOW);
  WiFi.disconnect(true);
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_OFF);

  rtc_gpio_pullup_en(GPIO_NUM_0);
  rtc_gpio_pulldown_dis(GPIO_NUM_0);
  //esp_sleep_enable_ext0_wakeup(GPIO_NUM_0, 0);
  esp_sleep_enable_ext1_wakeup(1ULL << GPIO_NUM_0, ESP_EXT1_WAKEUP_ANY_LOW);
  Serial.flush();
  esp_deep_sleep_start();
}

void wakeUp() {
  if (!st.screenOff) return;
  Serial.println("wakeUp...");
  digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, HIGH);
  delay(10);
  if (st.screenOk) {
    EPD_3IN97_Init();
    showBackground();
  }
  st.screenOff = false;
  st.idleStart = millis();
  st.idle = false;

  if (!ensureWiFi(15000)) {
    updateStatusBar("ERROR: WiFi");
    st.playing = false;
    st.idle = true;
    st.idleStart = millis();
    digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, LOW);
    return;
  }

  switchStation(st.station);
  Serial.println("wakeUp done");
}

// ==================== Setup ====================
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  delay(1000);
  Serial.println("\n=== BOOT START ===");

  pinMode(BOOT_BTN, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(KEY_FUNC, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(PA_CTRL, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, HIGH);
  Serial.println("pins ok");

  Serial.println("DEV_Module_Init...");
  DEV_Module_Init();
  Serial.println("DEV_Module_Init done");

  Wire.begin(I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL);
  Serial.println("i2c ok");

  if (PMU.begin(Wire, AXP2101_SLAVE_ADDRESS, I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL)) {
    PMU.enableBattVoltageMeasure();
    pmu_ok = true;
    Serial.printf("[PMU] OK, bat=%d%%, %dmV\r\n",
                  PMU.getBatteryPercent(), PMU.getBattVoltage());
  } else {
    pmu_ok = false;
    Serial.println("[PMU] init failed");
  }

  initScreen();
  Serial.printf("screenOk=%d\n", st.screenOk);
  showBackground();

  Serial.println("es8311 init...");
  if (es8311_codec_init() != ESP_OK) {
    Serial.println("ES8311 FAIL (continue)");
    updateStatusBar("ERROR: ES8311");
  } else {
    Serial.println("es8311 ok");
  }

  Serial.println("wifi connect...");
  if (!ensureWiFi(15000)) {
    Serial.println("WiFi FAIL");
    updateStatusBar("ERROR: WiFi");
    st.playing = false;
    st.idle = true;
    st.idleStart = millis();
    digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, LOW);
  } else {
    updateStatusBar("WiFi OK");
    audio.setPinout(I2S_BCK_PIN, I2S_LRCK_PIN, I2S_DOUT_PIN, I2S_MCK_PIN);
    audio.setVolume(18);

    prefs.begin("radio", true);
    st.station = prefs.getInt("stationId", 0);
    prefs.end();
    if (st.station < 0 || st.station >= (int)STATION_COUNT) st.station = 0;

    switchStation(st.station);
  }

  Serial.println("=== SETUP DONE ===");
}

// ==================== Loop ====================
void loop() {
  // 只在播放时跑音频解码，空闲时省 CPU
  if (st.playing) audio.loop();

  static unsigned long lastBtnTime = 0;
  static unsigned long bootPressStart = 0;
  static bool bootPressed = false, funcPressed = false, longHandled = false;

  bool bootNow = (digitalRead(BOOT_BTN) == LOW);
  bool funcNow = (digitalRead(KEY_FUNC) == LOW);

  if (bootNow && !bootPressed) {
    bootPressed = true;
    bootPressStart = millis();
    longHandled = false;
  }
  if (bootNow && bootPressed && st.screenOff && !longHandled && (millis() - bootPressStart >= 800)) {
    longHandled = true;
    Serial.println("long press -> wakeUp");
    wakeUp();
  }
  if (!bootNow && bootPressed) {
    bootPressed = false;
    unsigned long hold = millis() - bootPressStart;
    if (!st.screenOff && hold < 800) togglePlayStop();
  }

  if (funcNow && !funcPressed) {
    funcPressed = true;
    if (st.screenOff) wakeUp();
    if (millis() - lastBtnTime > 250) {
      switchStation(st.station + 1);
      lastBtnTime = millis();
    }
  }
  if (!funcNow) funcPressed = false;

  // 空闲省电：先关 WiFi，再深度睡眠
  if (!st.playing && st.idle && !st.screenOff) {
    unsigned long idle = millis() - st.idleStart;

    if (!st.wifiOff && idle > IDLE_WIFI_OFF_MS) {
      Serial.println("idle -> wifi off");
      WiFi.disconnect(false);
      WiFi.mode(WIFI_OFF);
      st.wifiOff = true;
      updateStatusBar("WIFI OFF (Idle)");
    }

    if (idle > IDLE_SLEEP_MS) {
      Serial.println("idle -> deep sleep");
      enterDeepSleep();
    }
  }

  static unsigned long hb = 0;
  if (millis() - hb > 5000) {
    hb = millis();
    //Serial.printf("[HB] play=%d idle=%d wifiOff=%d screenOff=%d\n",
    //              st.playing, st.idle, st.wifiOff, st.screenOff);
  }
}

// ==================== 音频回调 ====================
void audio_showstation(const char *info) {}
void audio_eof_mp3(const char *info) {
  if (st.playing) {
    st.playing = false;
    st.idle = true;
    st.idleStart = millis();
    digitalWrite(PA_CTRL, LOW);
    updateStatusBar("ERROR: Stream Lost");
  }
}

wifi配置：打开 http://192.168.4.1 进行配网。
按左侧拨轮换台，按BOOT播放和停止，停止播放5分钟关wifi，10分钟后进入深度睡眠，长按BOOT唤醒。
源码：https://nas.qs100371.top:5667/s/58f9831696b949c7a6

代码在deepseek网页版下完成。局部刷新走了很长时间弯路，正常写文字都是左上角是(0, 0)，从上到下，局刷却是左下角，从下到上。